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CCDC
What is CCDC 2?
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CCDC
Stipulated Price Contract — fixed lump sum for Design-Bid-Build delivery. The most common and most-tested CCDC document on the ExAC.
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CCDC Contracts 12 cards
- What is CCDC 2?
- Stipulated Price Contract — fixed lump sum for Design-Bid-Build delivery. The most common and most-tested CCDC document on the ExAC.
- What is CCDC 3?
- Cost Plus Contract — used when scope is unknown (emergencies, restoration, hidden conditions). Three variants: Fixed Fee, Percentage Fee, or Cost-Plus with GMP.
- What is CCDC 4?
- Unit Price Contract — used for civil/site work where quantities are uncertain. Final amount determined by measured quantities.
- Difference between CCDC 5A and 5B?
- 5A: Owner holds trade contracts. CM advises only. 5B: CM holds trade contracts. Single point of accountability. 5A = Agency. 5B = at Risk.
- What is CCDC 14?
- Design-Build Stipulated Price Contract — single-point responsibility for both design and construction at a fixed price.
- What is CCDC 15?
- Design Services Contract between Design-Builder and Consultant — how a Design-Builder engages its architect or consultant on a design-build project. The Owner is not a party; the Owner–Design-Builder contract is CCDC 14.
- What is CCDC 17?
- Stipulated Price Contract for Trade Contractors — used between the Owner and individual trade contractors on a project administered by a construction manager under CCDC 5A. Fixed lump sum at the trade level.
- What is CCDC 23?
- Guide to Calling Bids and Awarding Contracts. Covers the lowest-bid selection process, two-contract model (Contract A / Contract B), duty of fairness, and the 15% post-bid negotiation rule.
- What is CCDC 30?
- Integrated Project Delivery (IPD). Multi-party agreement where Owner, Architect, and key trades share risk and reward against a Target Cost. For complex BIM-intensive projects.
- What is CCDC 40?
- Rules for Mediation and Arbitration of CCDC 2 Construction Disputes. Sets out the dispute resolution procedures referenced in CCDC 2 GC 8.
- What is CCDC 41?
- CCDC Insurance Requirements. Standard insurance schedule referenced in CCDC 2. Default General Liability is $5M per occurrence.
- Priority of documents in CCDC 2 (GC 1.1.5)?
- From highest to lowest: Agreement → Definitions → Supplementary Conditions → General Conditions → Division 1 Specs → Technical Specs → Material/Finish Schedules → Drawings.
NBC 2020 10 cards
- Which NBC section covers firestopping?
- Subsection 3.1.9. Firestops seal penetrations through fire separations and fire-rated assemblies, with an F or FT rating under CAN/ULC-S115. The 20 m horizontal and 3 m vertical limits belong to fire blocks in concealed spaces (Subsection 3.1.11.), a different requirement.
- Which NBC section covers spatial separation between buildings?
- Section 3.2.3. Limiting distances determine permitted unprotected openings. One of the most-tested code lookups on Section 2.
- Which NBC section covers exits?
- Section 3.4. Includes exit width, travel distance, dead-end corridors, exit signs, and number of exits required.
- Which NBC section covers accessibility?
- Section 3.8 — Accessibility Design. Barrier-free path of travel, washroom requirements, signage. Heavy testing area.
- Which NBC section covers building height and area?
- Section 3.2.2. Determines required construction type based on occupancy classification, height, and area. The starting point for most Part 3 questions.
- Which NBC Part covers houses and small buildings?
- Part 9. Applies to buildings ≤ 600 m² and ≤ 3 storeys, with limited occupancy types (mostly Group C residential and small Group D/E).
- Which NBC section covers fire protection in Part 9?
- Section 9.10. The Part 9 equivalent of Section 3.2 — frequently tested on Section 2 of the ExAC.
- Which NBC section covers energy efficiency in houses?
- Section 9.36. Tied directly to NECB 2020 compliance for residential construction.
- What are the Group occupancies in the NBC?
- A Assembly, B Care/Treatment/Detention, C Residential, D Business/Personal Service, E Mercantile, F Industrial, G Agricultural (added in 2020).
- What's the fastest way to find a topic during the open-book Section 2?
- Use the alphabetical index at the back of the NBC, separated from the binding so it lies flat. Then jump to the cited Part. Tabs help, but the loose index is the single biggest time-saver.
Bonds & Insurance 6 cards
- What does a Bid Bond guarantee?
- If the bid is accepted, the Contractor will sign the formal contract. If they refuse, the surety pays the difference between the bid and the next-lowest compliant bid. Typically 5–10% of estimated cost.
- What does a Performance Bond guarantee?
- If the Contractor defaults during construction, the surety covers additional cost beyond the contract amount to complete the work. Typically 50% or 100% of contract value.
- What does a Labour & Material Payment Bond guarantee?
- Sub-contractors and suppliers with direct ties to the Contractor will be paid for labour and materials. Typically 50% of contract value.
- What is the standard General Liability coverage in CCDC 41?
- $5,000,000 per occurrence for Commercial General Liability. Standard CCDC requirement unless modified by Supplementary Conditions.
- Memory hook for the three CCDC bonds?
- Bid = 'Before' (you'll sign). Performance = 'During' (you'll finish). L&M = 'Under' (those below you get paid).
- What's the difference between Builder's Risk and General Liability insurance?
- Builder's Risk: insures the work itself during construction (fire, theft, vandalism of the partially-built project). General Liability: insures against third-party bodily injury and property damage claims arising from operations. Both are required by CCDC 41.
Timelines & Numbers 10 cards
- How long does the Consultant have to issue a payment certificate after receiving an application?
- 10 calendar days. CCDC 2 GC 5.3.
- How long does the Owner have to pay the Contractor after the application for payment is received?
- 28 calendar days after receipt of the application for payment by the Owner and the Consultant. CCDC 2 – 2020 GC 5.3.1.2.
- What is the standard warranty period under CCDC 2?
- 1 year from Ready-for-Takeover. CCDC 2 – 2020 GC 12.3.1.
- What's the notice period for concealed/unknown conditions in CCDC 2?
- 5 working days notice in writing once the condition is encountered. CCDC 2 GC 6.4.
- What's the notice period for a delay claim under CCDC 2?
- 10 working days after the delay is first encountered. CCDC 2 GC 6.5.
- What is the 15% rule under RAIC Document 6?
- If the lowest compliant bid exceeds the latest approved estimate by more than 15%, the Architect must re-tender at no additional fee. The Architect's cost estimating obligation.
- How much time per question on the ExAC?
- Roughly 90 seconds per question on average. Practice at this pace so you don't run out of time.
- How long is each ExAC section?
- 3 hours per section. Four sections total over two consecutive days. Sections 1 and 2 on day one; Sections 3 and 4 on day two.
- How many themes are tested across the ExAC?
- 13 themes distributed across the four sections, drawn from CHOP, the NBC 2020, the CCDC suite, RAIC Document 6, and related references.
- What percentage holdback is standard on Canadian construction projects?
- 10% of each progress payment is the standard statutory holdback in most provinces, released after the holdback period following Substantial Performance.
RAIC & CHOP 12 cards
- What are the five phases of architectural service in RAIC Document 6?
- SD → DD → CD → BN → CA. Schematic Design, Design Development, Construction Documents, Bidding/Negotiation, and Contract Administration.
- What is RAIC Document 6?
- The Canadian Standard Form of Contract for Architectural Services — the standard contract between Owner and Architect. Equivalent role to AIA B101 in the US.
- What is CHOP?
- The Canadian Handbook of Practice for Architects. The official RAIC reference covering professional practice, ethics, project delivery, and business of architecture. The primary source for Section 4 themes.
- What does Substantial Performance trigger?
- Release of holdback after the holdback period, and the lien publication period (GC 5.4). Substantial Performance is defined in provincial lien legislation, not in CCDC 2 itself. Under CCDC 2 – 2020, the 1-year warranty period does not commence at Substantial Performance — it commences at Ready-for-Takeover (GC 12.3.1).
- What's the difference between a Change Order and a Change Directive?
- Change Order: agreed cost and time, signed by Owner, Contractor, and Consultant. Change Directive: Owner directs work to proceed before cost/time are agreed. Used when work can't wait for negotiation. CCDC 2 GC 6.3.
- Who certifies Substantial Performance under CCDC 2?
- The Consultant (Architect) issues the Certificate of Substantial Performance, after determining the work is sufficiently complete to be used for its intended purpose. CCDC 2 GC 5.4.
- What is the Architect's primary obligation under RAIC 6?
- To provide professional services with the skill and care normally exercised by architects in similar circumstances. The 'standard of care' obligation — not a guarantee of outcome.
- What does the 'duty of fairness' require during bidding?
- All bidders must be treated equally and fairly — same information at the same time, same opportunity to ask questions, same evaluation criteria. The owner cannot favour one bidder. From Contract A under CCDC 23.
- What is Contract A vs Contract B in bidding?
- Contract A: formed when a bidder submits a compliant bid — bid is irrevocable and bidder agrees to enter Contract B if selected. Contract B: the actual construction contract awarded to the successful bidder.
- What's the architect's role in shop drawing review?
- Review for conformance with the design intent — not for accuracy of dimensions, quantities, or construction means and methods. The Contractor remains responsible for those. CCDC 2 GC 3.8.
- What does 'Total Performance' mean in CCDC 2?
- There is no 'Total Performance' concept in CCDC 2 – 2020. All deficiencies identified at Substantial Performance must be corrected before the Consultant issues the final Certificate for Payment (GC 5.5).
- What is a Letter of Assurance?
- A signed undertaking from the Architect (or other registered professional) confirming that the work for which they are responsible will be designed and reviewed in accordance with the BC Building Code (or equivalent provincial requirement). Required in BC and similar in other provinces.